Fleeing Nazi Germany in 1933, he came to the United States. He spent the rest of his career at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. In 1939 he warned President Roosevelt that Germany was moving toward developing nuclear weaponry and urged that this country do the same, inspiring the Manhattan Project. Having paved the way for this new weapon with his warning and own discoveries, Einstein devoted much time in later years working for nuclear arms control.

Photojournalist Lucien Aigner had emigrated from Hungary to escape Adolph Hitler's takeover of Europe when he made this porttrait of Einstein in 1940.

Courtesy of the National Portrait Gallery.